All electronic hearing aids work on the same principle. Any hearing aid includes six basic components. 1. A microphone (transmitter or microphone) receives sound and converts it into an electrical wave form, that is, it converts sound energy into electrical energy. 2. An amplifier amplifies the electrical signal (transistor amplification circuit). 3. A receiver (speaker) converts the electrical signal back into sound energy (that is, it converts electrical energy back into sound energy). 4. An earmold (earplug) is inserted into the external auditory canal. 5. A volume control switch. 6. A power supply for the amplifier, using batteries. In addition to the six components mentioned, most models of hearing aids also have three accessories, or three additional circuits (tone control, inductive coil, output limitation control). Modern electronic hearing aids are amplifiers whose function is to increase the intensity of sound energy and to transmit it as faithfully as possible into the ear. Since sound energy cannot be directly amplified, it is necessary to convert it into an electrical signal, amplify it, and then convert it back into sound energy. The input transducer is composed of parts such as a microphone (microphone or transmitter), a magnetic coil, etc. Its role is to convert the input sound energy into electrical energy and transmit it to the amplifier. The amplifier amplifies the input electrical signal and then transmits it to the output transducer. The output transducer is composed of a speaker or a bone conduction vibrator, whose role is to convert the amplified signal from electrical energy back into sound energy or kinetic energy. The power supply is an indispensable part for providing energy to the hearing aid, and in addition, there is a peak clipping (PC) or an automatic gain control (AGC) device to meet the needs of various degrees of hearing loss patients.
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