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 there are many producing areas in france, including grand cru, bordeaux left bank 1855-column-level village on médoc, saint emelon grand cru on the right bank, and burgundy grand garden with an inch of land and an inch of gold...... in fact, the champagne region also has grand cru. the grand cru of champagne is an affirmation of the quality of grapes in the producing area. at the beginning, it is the pricing basis for wine farmers to sell grapes, and it is also an important reference for consumers to choose wine.

 however, due to the limitation of climate conditions, the grape quality of champagne is not stable enough. usually, it is blend brewed from grapes from multiple vineyards. grapes not only span multiple vineyards, but can even be of different years, therefore, champagne emphasizes brand more when marketing. therefore, people are very familiar with the classification of bordeaux and burgundy, but they have limited understanding of the classification of champagne.

according to the quality and inheritance experience of soil adaptation to grape planting, smart champagne people have divided 17 grand cru into 321 wine villages in the legal grape producing area, 44 first-class gardens (premier cru) are strictly managed by the champagne industry committee (civc). if champagne is marked with the words "grand cru" or "premier cru", it means that it is made of grapes from premium garden or grade i garden, which is also a guarantee of certain quality.

how did the grand cru of champagne come into being?

champagne was not produced sparkling wine from the very beginning. before the invention of sparkling wine, champagne district had been producing ordinary still wine. in the middle ages, many champagne villages had been famous for their high quality wine. these villages could conveniently put wine in barrels and transport it to paris through the marne river, at that time, champagne was even more famous in paris than burgundy.

the ranking of the top subofficials in champagne district was in 1911. each village was graded according to the percentage, ranging from 22.5% to 100%. the scoring criteria include soil, microclimate, vineyard orientation, grape varieties, etc.

at the end of the 20th century, due to various reasons, the lower standard of this scoring system was raised to 80%. of the 320 grape-growing villages, only 17 received a score of 100% and were rated as grand cru, while 41 villages received a score of 90-99%, rated as premier cru (now the number of first-class gardens is 44).

if the word "grand cru" appears on the wine label of a bottle of champagne, the grapes used in this bottle of wine must all come from the premium garden. similarly, if "premier cru" is marked, it must all come from the first-level garden, which can be the same first-level garden or several first-level gardens blend brewed.

in september 2010, inao, the national naming authority of origin, canceled this grading system. however, as a division of quality, this system still has reference significance among wine merchants and farmers. many wine farmers still reflect this classification on the wine label, using grand cru and premier cru.

17 grand cru of champagne

the champagne region is located in the northeast of paris, france. the cold weather and chalk soil make chardonnay (chardonnay), pinot noir and pinot (pinot meunier) grapes shine here, become a grape variety for brewing champagne.

the total planting area of 17 premium garden grapes in champagne district is 4,000 hectares, the total planting area of grade i garden grapes is 5,000 hectares, and the total planting area of grapes in villages without grades is 21,000 hectares. accordingly, the regulations are not as good as those of premium garden, the first-level garden is so strict.

in champagne producing areas, there are mainly five grape plantation, which are the lance mountains (montagne de reims), marne valley (vallee de la marne), cote des blancs, cote de sezanne and cote des bar. grand cru is distributed in the lance mountains, marne valley and white hills.

1 10 grand cru in lance mountains

lance mountains is a hill with an altitude of no more than 300 meters. the trees on the hill are gloomy. because the hillside faces south or north, the difference is obvious, and the champagne style produced has changed a lot. this is a sub-production area with a large number of premium gardens, and 10 of the 17 premium gardens are located in the lance mountains.

the soil in lance producing area is mainly cretaceous soil, but compared with white hill in another champagne producing area, its surface soil contains more brickearth, so a large number of black pinot and a small amount of monie pinot are planted. if white hill is the world of chardonnay grapes, then lance mountains are the paradise of black pinot grapes.

(1) welzner (verenay)

(2) verzy

(3) mailly

these three premium gardens are all located in the north of the lance mountains. due to the large forest above the hillside, the grape planting area is limited and can only extend to the foot of the mountain and the gentle slope below the mountain. the three super gardens have cool climate, short sunshine time, shallow limestone layer, and the cretaceous soil layer is almost exposed to the earth's surface, mixed with some muddy soil. the wine produced is strong, refreshing and meticulous, with fresh flower fragrance.

welzner and welzay vineyards face to the north. compared with ayi vineyards facing south on mount lance, base liquor has higher acidity and is less strong, but it can present a precise and delicate feeling after blending. the wine in mount lance has the characteristics of strong aroma, full personality and high acidity, which can provide trunk for the wine.

on behalf of chateau: momm (g.h.mumm), perrier-jouet (perrier-jouet), moet & chandon, princess louis (louis roederer), tai tingzhe (taittinger).

(4) bouzy

different from the neighboring village, podge's vineyards all face south, with more sufficient sunshine, an average altitude of 120 meters and a relatively slow slope. the black pinot produced is full of mature chinese hawthorn aroma and full of wine. static wine is also produced here. however, static white wine from champagne producing areas and rare red wine have the characteristics of high acidity, and "coteaux champenois" will be marked on the wine label ".

on behalf of chateau: benoit lahaye, paul bara, pierre paillard.

(5) onbonai (ambonnay)

angbonai had a history of grape cultivation as early as the 4th century ad. it became a premium garden when it was first graded in 1895 champagne district. the average altitude of onbonai is 100 meters. vineyards are distributed on gentle slopes. the soil is limestone and relatively thin calcareous brickearth, with sufficient sunshine.

black pinot is mainly planted here, which has the characteristics of strong fruit aroma and compact structure. in addition, there are a small part of chardonnay, which is meticulous and light. several independent wine farmers have brewed distinctive white and white champagne. the famous champagne belongs to krug clos dambonnay, which is incomparable mellow and fragrant, strong and deep, and costs as much as $2,000 per bottle.