enlarged anatomical model of body and nerve fiber structure of human autonomic neuron department of neurology

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Neurons are the basic structural units of the nervous system. A typical neuron consists of a cell body and processes (see figure). The cell body includes the nucleus and the perikaryon. The nucleus is relatively large, accounting for most of the cell body in terms of volume or surface area. The perikaryon, although only a small part, plays an important role in maintaining the metabolism and function of the entire neuron. The cell body is the center for the synthesis of various proteins (including various enzymes). Proteins are first synthesized in the cell body, and then transported through the transport system to the processes.