medical human body hand joints model hand bone ulna radius model human skeleton hand and foot surgery

Hand joint model, ulna and radius bone model, human skeletal system, palm bone model

Finger bones:

Hand bones: include wrist bones, metacarpal bones, and phalanges.

1) Carpal bones: Composed of 8 short bones, divided into proximal and distal columns. The proximal column, from radial to ulnar side, includes the scaphoid bone, lunate bone, triquetrum bone, and pisiform bone. The distal column consists of the trapezium bone, sclereus bone, capitate bone, and hamate bone. Each carpal bone forms intercarpal joints with adjacent articular surfaces. The scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum bones in the proximal column together constitute the head of the radiocarpal joint, which articulates with the articular surface at the lower end of the radius.
2) Metacarpal bones: There are 5 in total, arranged from the radial side to the ulnar side as the 1st to 5th metacarpal bones. Metacarpal bones are long bones; their proximal end is called the base of the metacarpal, adjacent to the wrist bone, and their distal end is called the metacarpal head, which articulates with the phalanges. When the hand is clenched, the metacarpal head is visible under the skin.
3) Phalanges of the fingers: There are 14 in total. The thumb has two phalanges, while fingers 2 to 5 have three phalanges. From proximal to distal, they are the proximally positioned phalanx, the intermediate phalanx, and the distally positioned phalanx. The proximal end of the phalanx is the base, the middle part is the body, and the distal end is the pulley. The distally positioned phalanx lacks a pulley; its palmar surface has a rough elevation called the distally positioned phalanx tuberosity.