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Description

A. Focused exercise areas: Pec major, deltoid, and triceps. Most champion bodybuilders consider the incline push-up as the best upper body exercise. B. Starting position: Lie on a flat bench press, with your feet flat on the ground. Hold the bar with your palms facing up, with a slightly wider distance than your shoulders, and extend your arms to support the barbell at the upper chest. C. Movement process: Spread your arms to the sides, slowly bend your arms, and let the barbell fall vertically until the bar touches your chest (approximately above the nipple line). Then push it up to the starting position and repeat. D. Training points: Do not arch your back or hold your breath, which will make the muscles lose control and is dangerous.

Dumbbell Bench Press
A. Focused exercise area: Chest muscles, deltoids, and triceps. B. Starting position: Lie on a flat bench press, with your feet flat on the ground. Extend your hands straight up to hold the dumbbells. C. Movement process: Spread your arms to the sides, slowly bend your arms, and let the dumbbells drop vertically to the lowest point. When you reach the lowest point, perform the bench press, exhale. Then push up to the starting position and repeat. D. Training points: Do not arch your back or hold your breath, which will make the muscles lose control and is dangerous.

Dual bars with both arms
A、重点锻炼部位：主要是胸大肌下部，其次是肱三头肌和三角肌。 B、开始位置：双杆间距最好宽于肩，双手握杠成直臂支撑、挺胸、收腹，两腿伸直并拢放松呈下垂状。 C、动作过程：呼气，屈肘弯臂，身体下降，直至两臂弯曲降低到最低位置时，头部应向前引，两肘外展，使胸大肌充分拉长伸展。随即吸气，以胸大肌突然收缩力撑两臂，使身体上升直至两臂完全伸直；当上臂超过杆水平位置时，臀部稍向后缩，躯干呈"低头含胸”的姿势。两臂伸直时，胸大肌处于彻底收紧状态。重复练习。 D、训练要点：动作要缓慢进行，不要借身体的振摆助力完成动作；撑起时速度要快、挺胸、抬头、收腹、不耸肩；为加大训练强度可在腰间负重练习。

Incline Dumbbell Press
A. Focused exercise area: The upper part of the pectoral muscles, followed by the front deltoid and the triceps brachii. B. Starting position: Lie on the bench with an incline angle of 35-45 degrees. C. Movement process: Keep your hands slightly wider than your shoulders, with both arms straight to support the barbell at the upper part of the shoulders. Inhale when you lower the bar to the upper chest (close to the clavicle). When the bar touches the chest, perform the push-up motion, exhale during the push-up. D. Training points: Generally, a wider grip is used, with the bar lowered to the clavicle, which makes the chest muscles work harder.

Incline Dumbbell Press
A. Focused exercise area: The upper part of the pectoral muscles, followed by the front deltoid and the triceps brachii. B. Starting position: Lie on the bench with an incline angle of 35-45 degrees. C. Movement process: Hold the dumbbells straight with your arms at the upper part of your shoulders. Inhale when you lower to the upper chest (close to the clavicle). When you reach the lowest point, perform the push-up movement, exhale when pushing up. D. Training points: During the exercise process, the main force will be concentrated on the pectoral muscles, keeping the pectoral muscles in a tense state. The triceps brachii will serve as a secondary supplementary force.

Flat Dumbbell Fly
A. Focused exercise area: Chest muscles and deltoids. B. Starting position: Lie on a flat bench press, holding dumbbells in both hands with palms facing each other, pushing up to straighten the arms, supporting above the chest. C. Action process: Hold dumbbells parallel to the sides and lower them slightly bent at the elbows, feeling a full stretch of the chest muscles on both sides when the dumbbells reach the bottom, and lower the upper arms to a level lower than the shoulder. When the dumbbells are lowered, deeply inhale. Exhale when holding the dumbbells back to the original position. D. Training points: If the arms are straight when the dumbbells are lowered to the sides, it will be difficult to feel the stretch and contraction of the chest muscles.

Standing with arms side-pulling and clasping the chest
A、重点锻炼部位：主要健美胸大肌和三角肌。握把相碰的位置高，健美的是上胸部；握把的位置在中部或下部，健美的是中胸部或下胸部肌群。 B、开始位置：两脚开立，与肩同宽，身体站在拉力器的下方，两臂侧上举，肘关节稍微弯曲，两手心向下分别握住拉力器的各一端把柄。重心方向应该由上向下成45度角。（不小于30度角）。 C、动作过程：吸气，上体稍前倾，两臂由上往下斜线用力夹至胸前呈交$&*状，直至两拉力器把柄相碰。稍停2-4秒，然后再呼气，缓慢还原。重复练习。 D、训练要点：上体始终保持稍前倾，不准前后摆动助力；要充分伸展胸肌，动作需缓慢而有节奏地进行；完成动作时两臂均衡用力，防止猛拉或突然性还原动作。

Sitting with arms bent and chest clamped
A. Focused exercise area: Pec major muscles and shoulder triangular muscles. B. Starting position: Sit on the fixed chair of the butterfly training machine, absorb the abdomen, straighten the chest, tighten the waist, and keep the upper body upright. Place both forearms on the cushion of the forearm resistance device, with the forearms perpendicular to the ground and the upper arms parallel to the ground. C. Movement process: Inhale, and forcefully press the two arms to the middle to clasp the chest, making the two separated resistance devices as close as possible, pause for 2-3 seconds, then exhale, and slowly reduce. D. Training points: Pay attention to smooth and calm completion of the action, and prevent sudden violent clamping movements.

Incline Dumbbell Fly
A. Focused exercise area: Upper chest and deltoids. B. Starting position: Lie on a slant bench press, holding dumbbells in both hands with palms facing each other, pushing up to straighten both arms. C. Movement process: Hold dumbbells in both hands and move them parallel to the sides, with elbow slightly bent. When the dumbbells fall to the point where you feel a sufficient stretch in the sides of the chest muscles, deeply inhale. Exhale when holding the dumbbells back to the original position. D. Training points: If the arms are straight when the dumbbells are moved to the sides, it will be difficult to feel the stretch and contraction of the chest muscles.

***Triceps***
Superman
A. Focused exercise areas: Biceps brachii, pectoralis major, deltoid, and large rotator muscles, etc. B. Starting position: Lie down on your back, with your hands supporting yourself on a slightly higher bench, your feet on a lower bench, and the rest of your body suspended in the air. C. Movement process: Exhale, relax the shoulders, slowly bend the elbows of both arms, and sink the body as much as possible (especially to sink the buttocks), pause for 2-3 seconds, then inhale, and use force to extend the arms to support the body and return to the original state. Repeat the exercise. D. Training points: The arm flexion and extension should be steady at a medium speed, the body should be straight, and the elbows should be clamped inward. Increasing the height of the feet or the weight can increase the difficulty of the training, and increase the load stimulation.

Supine Bicep Curl
A. Focused exercise areas: Pec major, biceps, trapezius, and latissimus dorsi. B. Starting position: Lie on a bench with your head slightly exposed from the end of the bench, the back of your head resting on the end of the bench, and your feet on the ground to support you. Hold the barbell in the center with your hands slightly narrower than your shoulders, and place the barbell behind your head on the ground, slightly propping up your lower back. C. Movement process: Hold the barbell with slightly bent arms, pull it up to the upper chest. Then, bend your arms and lower it back to the barbell slightly off the ground (the barbell does not touch the ground). Then, pull it up with force. Repeat the exercise. D. Training points: You can use a heavier weight for bent-arm pulls and compare straight-arm pulls to get a better training effect.

Standing Neck Extension with Arm Flexion
A. Focused exercise area: Mainly to build up the triceps brachii. B. Starting position: Stand upright with the whole body, hold the dumbbells with both hands in a normal or reverse grip, and fix the upper arms at the sides of the head. C. Action process: Inhale, take the elbow joint as the axis, and forcefully straighten the forearm to raise it, pause for 2-3 seconds. Then inhale, bend the arm slowly back to the original position behind the neck, and repeat the exercise. D. Training points: The upper arm must be tightly against the ear, the elbows must be clamped together, the upper arm must maintain a vertical position with the ground, the tips of the elbows must be vertically upward, and do not move to borrow force in front or back.

Narrow Grip Pushdown
A. Focused exercise area: The medial portion of the pectoralis major, the anterior deltoid and the triceps brachii. B. Starting position: Lie face down on a bench, with both feet flat on the ground to maintain balance. Grasp the barbell in the middle with both hands, with a distance of 4-6 inches, and extend both arms to support the barbell above both shoulders. C. Movement process: Bend both arms slowly to lower the barbell to touch the chest. Then push up to the starting position, and repeat the exercise. D. Training points: The wide grip bench press mainly exercises the pectoralis major, developing from the inside to the outside.

Sitting single-arm neck-behind bicep curl
A. Focused exercise area: Triceps brachii. B. Starting position: Sit on a bench with your feet flat on the ground, hold the dumbbell in your right hand with your palms facing forward, and extend it above your head. Your left hand supports it on the left side of your waist. C. Movement process: The upper arm of the right arm should be tightly beside the right ear, and it is not allowed to move. Hold the dumbbell to fall in a semi-circle arc to the upper left shoulder, and the lower the dumbbell is better. Then, with the contraction force of the right arm's triceps brachii, hold the dumbbell to lift up and return. Repeat the action. When alternating left and right hands, you need to complete the same number of times. D. Training points: The training effect of holding the dumbbell to fall to the back diagonal line is better than directly falling to the back.

Dorsal-Lying Arm Curls
A. Focused exercise area: Triceps brachii. B. Starting position: Stand naturally at one end of the bench, bend forward to a parallel position with the back to the ground, with the left palm supporting on the bench and the right hand holding a dumbbell, with the elbow bent, making the upper arm close to the side and parallel to the back, with the forearm hanging down. C. Movement process: Hold the dumbbell, keep the upper arm close to the body, fix the elbow position, raise the dumbbell to a fully extended arm, and then slowly lower it to the original position. Only the forearm moves up and down. D: Training points: Adopt the "isolated training principle", when holding the dumbbell to a fully extended arm, make the triceps brachii contract completely, maintain a static position and count 1, 2, 3, and then lower it to the original position.

Standing with arms bent at the elbows and pressing down in front of the chest
A. Focused exercise area: the triceps and elbow muscles. B. Starting position: Stand with feet apart in front of the bicep training machine, with the body in a posture of chest-expanded, abdomen-tightened, and waist-tightened. Bend the arms and tightly grip the handles at both ends of the resistance bar, with a distance between the hands smaller than the shoulder width. The elbow joints should be tightly against the side of the body. C. Movement process: Inhale, and press the resistance bar down with force to make the arm straighten, pause for 2-3 seconds. Then exhale, slowly reduce. Repeat the exercise. D. Training points: Pay attention to the action to be relaxed, the elbow joints should be tightly against the side of the body, prevent the sudden pressure or pressure to the halfway failure. The body should not stretch forward or backward to borrow force.

Shoulder and Back Muscle Exercise

Wide Grip Pull-ups
A、重点锻炼部位：背阔肌和肩部肌群。 B、开始位置：两臂悬垂在单杆上，两手宽握距，正手握紧横杆，使腰背以下部位放松，背阔肌充分伸长，两小腿弯曲抬起。 C、动作过程：吸气，集中背阔肌的收缩力，屈臂引体上开至颈后，使之接近或触及单杠，稍停2-3秒。然后呼气，以背阔肌的收缩力量控制住，使身体慢慢下降还原。重复练习。 D、训练要点：动作过程中身体不要前后摆动利用惯性给予助力；全身下垂时，肩胛部要放松。使背阔肌充分伸长.

Dumbbell Rows
A.重点锻炼部位：主要是锻炼上背部最大的肌肉群－背阔肌，其次是斜方肌、冈下肌、挺直脊柱、三角肌后束、肱二头肌和前臂部有效。 B.开始位置：两脚开立同肩宽，上体前曲与地面平行，两膝稍驱使下背肌群没有拉紧感。两手掌心向内，间距同肩宽，两臂下垂伸直持铃C.动作过程:使两上臂移向两侧,横杠贴身提起,直到横杠接触上腹部然后慢慢放下还原，重复做。 D:训练要点：大多数运动员在练这一动作时，采用较宽的握距，这就使不同部位的肌群受到刺激。在提铃时，应感到运用背部肌群的收缩力，而不是只是把重量向上提而已。

Prone Plank
A.重点锻炼部位：主要健美骶棘肌等要部肌群。B.开始位置：俯卧垫上或鞍马上，上体前屈，两足固定，两手抱头或肩负杠铃。C.动作过程：吸气，上体向前满满弯下，然后再以腰背肌肉的力量，挺身还原，还原后再自然呼吸。重复练习。 D.训练要点：在动作过程中，腰背部必须始终挺直，不准松腰含胸弓背；上体前屈时，尽量慢些，切忌突然快速屈体，防止腰背部肌肉拉伤。

站姿负重俯身弯起
A.重点锻炼部位：主要健美骶棘肌等要部肌群。B.开始位置：两脚持铃置于颈后肩上，挺胸、收腹、紧腰，两手必须托牢杠铃，全身直立。 C.动作过程：吸气，上体向前满满弯下，至腰背部与地面平行为止，这时臀部应向后移，使身体重心处于脚跟后方，稍停3-4秒。再以腰背肌肉的力量，挺身起立还原，还原后再自然呼吸。重复练习。 D.训练要点：在动作过程中，腰背部必须始终挺直，不准松腰含胸弓背；上体前屈时，尽量慢些，切忌突然快速屈体，防止腰背部肌肉拉伤。

Seated Lat Pull
A.重点锻炼部位：三角肌后束、斜方肌、上背肌和上臂肌 B.开始位置：坐在拉背练习机的固定坐位上，两手分别握住上方横杠两端的把柄。 C.动作过程：吸气，从头上方位置垂直下拉横杠至颈后与肩平，稍停2-3秒钟。然后呼气，沿原路缓慢还原。重复做。 D.训练要点：注意完成动作时两臂均衡用力，防止猛拉或无控制地突然还原。采用宽握距抓握把柄。也可以采用颈前下拉的方法来练习，即下拉时把横杠拉至胸脯前。

坐姿颈前下拉
A.重点锻炼部位：三角肌前束、斜方肌、上背肌和上臂肌 B.开始位置：坐在拉背练习机的固定坐位上，两手分别握住上方横杠两端的把柄。 C.动作过程：吸气，从头上方位置垂直下拉横杠至胸前，稍停2-3秒钟。然后呼气，沿原路缓慢还原。重复做。 D.训练要点：注意完成动作时两臂均衡用力，防止猛拉或无控制地突然还原。采用宽握距抓握把柄。也可以采用颈后下拉的方法来练习。

俯立正握上拉
A、重点锻炼部位：背阔肌中上部肌群。 B、开始位置：两脚分开站立在"T”形划船机上，两腿自然伸直，挺胸塌腰体前屈，两手臂伸直正握住"T”形杠把柄。 C、动作过程：呼气，用背阔肌的收缩力量，使"T”杠提起至胸腹间，稍停2-3秒。然后呼气，持杠缓慢放下还原。 D、训练要点：提拉"T”杠时两臂要贴近体侧，上体要始终保持挺胸，这样就有利于背阔肌的收缩。放下至两臂下垂时，两肩胛骨应放松，使背阔肌充分伸长，但"T”杠不能触地。动作过程中身体不要上下起伏借力。

颈前宽握引体向上
A、重点锻炼部位：背阔肌和肩部肌群。 B、开始位置：两臂悬垂在单杆上，两手宽握距，正手握紧横杆，使腰背以下部位放松，背阔肌充分伸长，两小腿弯曲抬起。 C、动作过程：吸气，集中背阔肌的收缩力，屈臂引体向上至颈前锁骨处，使之接近或触及单杠，稍停2-3秒。然后呼气，以背阔肌的收缩力量控制住，使身体慢慢下降还原。重复练习。 D、训练要点：动作过程中身体不要前后摆动利用惯性给予助力；全身下垂时，肩胛部要放松。使背阔肌充分伸长。

***肱二头肌群***

俯坐弯举
A.重点锻炼部位：肱二头肌 B.开始位置：坐或俯立，上体稍向前倾，一手握哑铃下垂于一腿内侧，另一手臂自然地屈肘，以手掌或肘部搁在一侧大腿上。 C.动作过程：持铃慢慢屈肘向上弯起至胸前，上臂不准移动，紧贴大腿内侧。 D.训练要点：当持铃弯起时，腰背部不要放松。当持铃弯起至胸前时，使肱二头肌尽量收紧，并保持静止3秒钟。然后，再慢慢放下。也可以立姿进行。

杠铃弯举
A.重点锻炼部位：主要是肱二头肌，其次是前臂肌。 B.开始位置：自然站立，掌心向前，两手间距与肩同宽，在整个动作过程中，两上臂始终贴于体侧，杠铃下垂在腿前。 C.动作过程:以肘关节为支点，前臂由腿前向上成半圆状弯起至肩前。然后，慢慢地循原路放下至腿前。D训练要点：当杠铃弯起时，上臂不准移动，在举杠铃的同时，使躯干稍微向后仰起会、更有效些。弯起至完全收缩后，杠铃再循原路放下。放下动作要慢些，当杠铃放下还原时，前臂要下垂伸直。每次试举必须做到完全伸展和彻底收缩。

坐姿斜托双臂反握弯举
A.重点锻炼部位：主要健美肱二头肌等屈肘肌群B.开始位置：身体骑坐在固定的凳上，上体稍前倾，两臂伸直搁在斜板上，使腋窝卡在斜板的上沿，拳心向前，两手反握哑铃与肩同宽。C.动作过程：吸气，两臂以肘关节为轴用力弯举举至铃$&*近锁骨，稍停2-3秒，然后呼气，两臂放松还原，重复练习。 D.训练要点：屈臂上举时上臂保持不动，伸臂时要缓慢且充分伸直。做此动作时因受斜板的限制，不可能借用身体其它部位的力量，所以对肱二头肌的训练效果显著。但对于初练健美的人，开始不宜做此动作，达到初级锻炼水平或具有初级训练水平的人可做此练习。

站姿哑铃锤式弯举
A.重点锻炼部位：主要健美肱肌和肱二头肌肌群。B.开始位置：直立或坐姿，两手臂伸直自然下垂，手握哑铃，虎口朝前。C.动作过程：两上臂同时以肘为轴经体侧弯起带哑铃，上、前臂用力收紧，稍停2-3秒，然后呼气，持铃缓慢放下还原至体侧，重复练习。D.训练要点：对握弯举时，两上臂固定不动，直腕握铃，不得借助上体摆动的惯性力。

站姿拉力器单臂反握弯举
A.重点锻炼部位：主要健美肱二头肌和肱肌 B.开始位置：自然站立，两脚间距和肩同宽，挺胸收腹紧腰。右臂向下伸直置于体侧，掌心向前握住把柄一端。 C.动作过程：吸气，屈肘慢慢向上拉开拉力器置右手接近右肩部，稍停2-3秒钟，然后呼气，缓慢还原，重复做。 D.训练要点：上拉时，上体要保持平直，肘部不要前后摇动。

坐姿哑铃交替弯举
A.重点锻炼部位：肱二头肌 B.开始位置：正坐在凳的一端，两手各持哑铃，下垂体侧。 C.动作过程:把一手持铃弯起至肩前.然后慢慢放下,同时另一手持铃弯起.两手交替做弯举。 D:训练要点：有些健美冠军喜欢在开始时掌心向下，弯起时，使手腕向外转至肩前。放下时再转回还原，他们认为这样练更有效。

***三角肌***

立正推举
A．重点锻炼部位：主要是三角肌和肱三头肌，其次是胸大肌，斜方肌和背部。B．开始位置：两手握住横杠，间距与肩同宽，把杠铃提起至肩上，掌心向上。C、动作过程：把杠铃贴脸向上推起至两臂伸直在头顶上方。然后，慢慢循原路放下至肩上。再重复做。D、训练要点：上推时，上体不要后仰。最好是在腰围上束上举重护腰皮带来练。另外不要在推举时憋住气。

哑铃推举
A.重点锻炼部位：这个动作是锻炼躯干上部的大肌肉群。例如：三角肌、斜方肌、上胸肌、肱三头肌、和上背肌群。 B.开始位置：双手持铃握于头部两侧 C.动作过程：两手垂直方向把哑铃推起至两臂伸直。然后再慢慢放下至起始位置。D.训练要点：哑铃握法比杠铃有很大的自由度。

俯立侧平举
A．重点锻炼部位：三角肌后束和上背肌群。B．开始位置：两脚分开站立同肩宽，两手掌心相对持哑铃，上体向前屈体至与地面平行，两腿稍屈，使下背部没有拉紧感。C．动作过程：两手持铃向两侧举起，直至上臂与背部平行（或略为超过），稍停，然后放下哑铃还原。重复做。D．训练要点：如果在持铃向两侧举起时，使肘和腕部稍微弯屈，你会感到能使三角肌群获到更好的收缩。在整个动作过程中，思想要集中在收缩的肌肉群上。

侧平举
A．重点锻炼部位：三角肌外侧中束部位。B．开始位置：自然站立，两手各持哑铃下垂体前，两肘部稍弯屈，拳眼向前。C．动作过程：两手持铃同时向两侧举起，直到举起至与头部齐高位置。然后，慢慢地循原路落下回原位，再重复做。D．训练要点：在持铃提起和放下过程中，使肘和腕部始终稍微弯屈，对三角肌的收缩更为有效。当哑铃向两侧提起时，同时使手腕向上转起至比大姆指稍高些，直到提起至最高位置。哑铃落下时，手腕再转回。

立正划船
A．重点锻炼部位：三角肌和斜方肌，其次是肱二头肌和前臂。B．开始位置：自然站立，手背向前握住横杠中间，间距6英时，两臂下垂腿前。C．动作过程：持铃慢慢贴身提起，两肘上提始终处于握手上方．直到上拉至接近颈前水平位，稍停。然后，循原路慢慢贴身放下至下垂于腿前。重复做。D．训练要点：每次放下杠铃要慢些，上提时要比放下时还要慢些，这样训练效果会更好。

"前平举”用哑铃或杠铃
A．重点锻炼部位：上胸部和三角肌前束。B．开始位置，自然站立，两手各持亚铃或持杠铃下垂于腿前。C．动作过程：把哑铃或杠铃向前上方举起（肘部稍屈），直至与视线平行高度。然后，慢慢放下还原，重复做。D．训练要点：如果采用哑铃时，以拳眼向前，持铃于体前上举。这种方法是单独集中锻炼三角肌前束。

耸肩
A重点锻炼部位：肩侧斜方肌、颈肌和上背肌群。 B开始位置：自然站立，两手背向前，持杠铃或哑铃，下垂在腿前。C动作过程两肩同时向上耸起，使肩峰尽量触及耳朵，然后在这个顶点位置上慢慢地使两肩向后转，再慢慢由后向下转至两臂下垂的原位。重复做。在耸肩过程中，不要曲肘。D训练要点：如果你使手腕稍屈，并使两肘尖向外转，这对肩侧斜方肌的收缩效果更有效些。

绳索俯立侧平举
A．重点锻炼部位：三角肌后束和上背肌群。B．开始位置：两脚分开站立同肩宽，两手掌心相对握住拉力器把柄，上体向前屈体至与地面平行，两腿稍屈，使下背部没有拉紧感。C．动作过程：两手持柄向两侧举起，直至上臂与背部平行（或略为超过），稍停，然后放下把柄还原。重复做。D．训练要点：因拉力器的阻力在动作过程中始终存在，所以对三角肌的刺激很明显。

绳索侧平举
A．重点锻炼部位：三角肌外侧中束部位。B．开始位置：自然站立，单手持把柄下垂体前，两肘部稍弯屈，拳眼向前。C．动作过程：两手持柄同时向两侧举起，直到举起至与头部齐高位置。然后，慢慢地循原路落下回原位，再重复做。D．训练要点：因拉力器的阻力在动作过程中始终存在，所以对三角肌的刺激很明显。

***腿***

颈后深蹲
A.重点锻炼部位：这是一个最好的训练动作，因为它对全身大肌肉群都有好处。深蹲动作主要是锻炼大腿肌群、臀大肌、腿筋和下背肌群，同时也能锻炼腹部、上背、小腿和肩部。B.开始位置：把杠铃置于颈后肩上，两手握住横杠的两端，使杠铃重心两边平衡。两脚分开间距15-20英寸左右，脚尖稍向外分开。C.动作过程:两眼始终向前方看。然后使两膝慢慢弯屈，直至下蹲到全蹲的位置。在整个下蹲和起力的过程中，使躯干挺直，背部保持平直，头部稍微抬起（始终看在一点上）。当大腿起立超过水平位置时，即慢慢伸直至回原位置。两脚始终平踏在地上。D:训练要点：如果使脚踝放松或脚跟离地，你会感到深蹲过程中很难掌握身体重心的平衡。你可以使两脚跟站在2×4英寸的垫木上来练。

斜卧负重腿举
A.重点锻炼部位：股四头肌和臀大肌群，美化臀腿曲线。B.开始位置：身体斜躺在"腿举架”的$&*背板上，两腿斜上举起，屈膝，两脚掌朝斜上蹬在阻力板上。 C.动作过程：吸气，两腿用力向斜上蹬阻力板，直至两腿完全伸直，同时尽力收缩股四头肌群，稍定3～4秒钟。然后呼气，慢慢屈膝让阻力板下降到预先卡定的高度。重复练习。D.训练要点："腿举架”上阻力板的下降高度要领先卡定应合适。蹬板时要让整个脚底平贴住阻力扳。屈膝时应控制阻力板的下降速度。

腿弯举
A．重点锻炼部位：它是单独锻炼股二头肌最好的方法。B．开始位置：俯卧在伸腿架的卧凳上，使膝盖正好抵住凳端，两腿伸直使脚跟紧贴在上托垫棍的下缘。两手握住凳前端两侧。C．动作过程：集中以股二头肌的收缩力使小腿向上弯起至股二头肌彻底收紧，保持静上默数l，2。然后，循原路慢慢回到起点。重复做。D．训练要点：你可以坐在伸腿机上，用一条腿单独练，也可以使两脚背绷直来练，还可以把脚跟转向内或转向外来练。

剪跨
A．重点锻炼部位：臀大肌、腿筋和股四头肌。B．开始位置：两脚并立，把杠铃置于颈后肩上（或双手耻哑铃）。先使右脚向前跨出一大步。然后，慢慢蹲下，右膝前屈，左腿稍稍挺直下沉。C．动作过程：当下蹲至最低位置时，再使两腿同时向上伸直，左脚向前收回，并向右脚$&*拢并立。然后，再使左脚向前跨出一大步下蹲。重复做。D．训练要点；如果你在下蹲起立至四分之三或还有一段短距离到即将伸直时，主要是以股四头肌用力收缩的。这个动作也可以作原地剪蹲，左、右脚交替练。

坐姿提踵
A.重点锻炼部位：小腿肌群。B.开始位置：正坐在凳上，两前脚掌站在垫木上，在两膝盖上负重物或杠铃，以两手托住不使其滑动。 C.动作过程：吸气，以小腿三头肌的收缩力量，使脚踉跟起到最高位置，小腿肌肉群完全收紧，稍停2～3秒钟。再呼气，慢慢放下脚跟还原。重复练习。D.训练要点：两脚站在垫木上，两脚跟要露在垫木外。直立负重提踵和坐姿仅姿势不同。

***腹***

搁腿仰卧起坐
A．重点锻炼部位：上腹部位。B．开始位置：仰卧在地上，把小腿平行地搁在凳上，使大腿垂直于地面，两手可以交$&*在胸前或两手交叉互抱于颈后。C．动作过程：慢慢地使两肩向膝部弯起，直至肩肿骨离地面1～2英时，保持静止一秒钟。然后，回复到开始位置。重复做。D．训练要点：当屈体收缩时，为了更好的使腹部肌群收缩，使下背紧贴地面。在采用重量训练课程的开始阶段，在完成每次试举中，要避免用跳、弹的借力动作。

仰卧腿上举
A．重点锻炼部位：下腹部位和大腿上部弯屈肌群。B．开始位置：仰卧在凳上或斜板上，下背部紧贴凳面，两腿并拢自然伸直。C．动作过程：使躯干和下背部紧贴在地上，两膝稍稍弯屈，两腿向上举起直至两大腿与躯干成垂直位。然后，两腿慢慢放下。重复做。D．训练重点：当背部始终紧贴凳面时，它使下腹部位肌群处于收紧状态。如果下背弯屈或离开凳面，就会影响下腹肌群的收缩效果。为了加强训练强度，也可以仰卧在斜板上来练。

腹直肌
仰卧起腿
起始姿势仰卧平垫上或头朝上仰卧斜板上。两手握住头后方的固定物件，全身伸直。动作过程收缩腹肌，将保持伸直的两腿向上弯起，直到可能的最大程度。保持一秒钟，再让两腿徐徐回落。呼吸方法向上弯起两腿时吸气，回落时呼气。注意要点下落两腿时，仍要控制腹肌，勿使下落过快。

悬杠屈膝缩腿
起始姿势两手正握单杠，全身直垂杠下。动作过程屈膝，把小腿尽力向上缩起，到最高点时，彻底收缩腹直肌一秒钟。然后徐徐下垂小腿，直到完全伸直。呼吸方法缩起小腿时吸气，降落时呼气。注意要点缩起小腿时要尽力把两膝向上提升。

坐式缩腿
起始姿势坐在凳边，两手向后撑在凳上。两腿向前直伸。动作过程屈膝缩起小腿到可能的最高点。彻底收缩腹直肌一秒钟，然后徐徐降落小腿，直到完全伸直。呼吸方法缩起小腿时吸气，降落时呼气。
注意要点本动作较简易，其作用大小全在膝部上提的高低和动作的快慢上。愈高愈慢愈大，反之愈小。

颈部颈肌

单手侧压颈屈伸
起始姿势一手按头右侧，另一手$&*在左侧腰间。坐立均可。动作过程按在头右侧的手用力把头向左侧推压，而颈部则用力顶住，不让轻易压倒，但逐渐被压倒。然后，颈部用力把头向上向右抬起，而右手则用力压住头部，不让其轻易抬起，但逐渐完全竖直。如此反复多次，直到颈部感到酸胀。练完一侧，换练另一侧。呼吸方法一手用力侧压头部时吸气，压到底时呼气。注意要点注意不要用过大过猛的抗力，前几次用力要小些，再逐渐加大，以避免颈部扭伤。切勿让颈部有任何旋转，而只是屈伸。

双手正压颈屈伸
起始姿势双手十指导交叉，按在脑后。动作过程双手用力压头部，使其向前下屈，颈部则用力顶住，不让轻易下压，但逐渐被压到颈部触及锁骨柄。然后，颈部用力把头向上抬起，而两手则用力压住头部，不让其轻易抬起，但逐渐抬到原位。呼吸方法两手用力压头时吸气，压到底时呼气。头部上抬时吸气，抬到原位时呼气。注意要点头部屈伸时，身体不要前俯后仰，注意不要用过大过猛的抗力，前几次用力要小些，再逐渐加大，以避免颈部扭伤。切勿让颈部有任何旋转，而只是屈伸。

头压铁片颈屈伸
起始姿势俯卧长凳上，两手握一铁片压在头后，头部下垂。动作过程颈部用力把头抬到可能的最高点。颈部放松，让头部徐徐下垂到原位置。呼吸方法头部上抬时吸气，下垂时呼气。注意要点头部上抬时，目光尽量上视，下垂头部时，目光尽量下视。这样，屈伸才能彻底。

Update time：20220208153312